Abstract Background The physician assistant (PA) and the nurse practitioner (NP) were introduced into The Netherlands in 2001 and 1997 respectively.By the second decade, national policies had accelerated the acceptance and development of these professions.Since 2015, the PA and NP have full practice authority as independent health professionals.The
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients are at risk for increased blood pressure and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), with pulmonary hypertension and right-sided heart failure potentially developing as well.Chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) has been used as an OSA model in animals, but its effects on vascular beds have not been evaluated using
A wealth of knowledge has been published in the last decade on redox regulations in plants.However, these works remained largely at cellular and organelle levels.Simple indicators of oxidative stress at the plant level California are still missing.We developed a method for direct measurement of leaf Eh and pH, which revealed spatial, temporal, and